Indocyanine green loaded hyaluronan-derived nanoparticles for fluorescence-enhanced surgical imaging of pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is highly lethal and surgical resection is the only potential curative treatment for the disease. In this study, hyaluronic acid derived nanoparticles with physico-chemically entrapped indocyanine green, termed NanoICG, were utilized for intraoperative near infrared fluorescence detection of pancreatic cancer. NanoICG was not cytotoxic to healthy pancreatic epithelial cells and did not induce chemotaxis or phagocytosis, it accumulated significantly within the pancreas in an orthotopic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma model, and demonstrated contrast-enhancement for pancreatic lesions relative to non-diseased portions of the pancreas. Fluorescence microscopy showed higher fluorescence intensity in pancreatic lesions and splenic metastases due to NanoICG compared to ICG alone. The in vivo safety profile of NanoICG, including, biochemical, hematological, and pathological analysis of NanoICG-treated healthy mice, indicates negligible toxicity. These results suggest that NanoICG is a promising contrast agent for intraoperative detection of pancreatic tumors.     

Why do we not want to recommend influenza vaccination to young children? A qualitative study of Australian parents and primary care providers

IntroductionInfluenza vaccination has been shown to be safe and effective against influenza and in the prevention of complicating secondary respiratory illnesses. However, its uptake in young children remains low. This study explored the views, attitudes and practices of parents and primary care providers (PCPs) on their knowledge and acceptance of influenza vaccination in children under 5.MethodsUsing a cross-sectional qualitative research design, we conducted 30 in-depth interviews with PCPs (i.e., general practitioners, practice nurses, maternal and child health nurses, and pharmacists) and five focus groups with parents (n = 50) between June 2014 and July 2015 in Melbourne, Australia. Data were thematically analysed.ResultsParents thought the vaccine could cause influenza, and influenza vaccination was not necessary for their children as they needed to build their own ‘immunity’. Parents said that they would consider vaccinating their children if recommended by their GP and if the influenza vaccine was part of the immunisation schedule. PCPs also expressed concerns regarding the efficacy of the vaccine as well as out-of-pocket costs incurred by families, and uncertainty regarding the mortality and morbidity of influenza in otherwise healthy children. However, they said they would recommend the vaccine to high-risk groups (e.g. children with chronic disease(s), and asthma).ConclusionDespite the established safety of influenza vaccines, barriers to uptake include concerns regarding the iatrogenic effects of vaccination, its administration schedule, and knowledge of influenza severity. Updated information on influenza and the efficacy of the vaccine, and incorporating influenza vaccination into the immunisation schedule may overcome some of these barriers to increase influenza vaccination in this vulnerable cohort.     

袁秀丽学术思想浅析

袁秀丽主任医师系第六批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承工作指导老师,澄江学派四川名家陈治平先生亲传弟子。袁师注重学习经典,认为治病之要,首在治神;同时强调学习现代医学知识,临证灵活运用中西医手段,擅用针刺及中药治疗疾病。     

实验教学案例在药物分析理论教学中的应用

基于药物分析的学科特点,探讨实验教学案例在药物分析理论教学中的实践与应用,其内容涉及实验案例的建设与选择、理论教学中引入实验案例的教学效果、教学过程中存在问题的讨论等方面。通过实验教学案例与理论知识的有效结合,使得学生更易于进入教学过程中所呈现的具体情境,帮助学生对所设问题进行思考、分析和解决,从而有效培养了学生独立检验药品的实践能力。     

药品应急检验管理理论基础研究

近年来我国药品突发事件频发,药品检验机构作为药品监管的技术支撑,迫切需要提升此方面的应对能力。通过从应急管理、药品常规检验、应急检验等3方面对药品应急检验管理的理论基础进行研究,阐释了应急管理在药品应急检验中的运用思路,为制定处置应急检验事件的有效措施打下坚实基础。     

数学遗传学是保证人类走向高素质的一门科学

每个人都想有一个健康的身体,有一个较强的工作能力,有一个品德兼优的思想素质。可是,病魔在肆虐着人类的肉体,笨拙束缚着部分人的头脑,奸邪侵蚀着个别人的心扉。这是什么原因造成的,这是人类至今无法进入科学筛选,择优遗传造成的。道理很简单:农民如果不选种,他的田里就会良莠不齐。人与人之间的差距真是遗传造成的吗?从1982年到1992年10年的探索与梳理中发现,人与人之间的差别来自于遗传。原因是:同父同母的兄弟姐妹中同样存在着这种差别。差别的根源找到了,准备从数学角度攻关破解。这是受到"一本书""两本杂志"的启发。从1992年到2002年通过数学建模形成了可以进入人们生命领域进行运算求解的数学:"众涵数"。以众涵数为数学工具,自2002年至今确立了"数学遗传学",成立了"自然遗传数学公式"。通过该公式,打开了遗传中生命基础领域的大门,揭示出人与人之间为什么存在着差别?主要差别是什么?根源在哪里?     

对国家基本药物集中采购价格政策的逆向思考与建议

目的解析基本药物集中采购过程中存在主要问题及其原因,并针对价格问题提出有效的解决方案,以确保基本药物的质量与正常供应,有效降低患者负担,保障患者用药安全。方法对6家三级医院的基本药物集中采购实施情况进行调查,对存在主要突出问题进行归纳分析,找出其内在原因并提出相应解决方案。结果基本药物集中采购工作进展较顺利,但在实施过程中也存在因实行最低价中标原则导致部份产品价格过低而产生药品质量与药品供应难以保障等诸多问题。结论基本药物集中采购的价格政策不能简单地以最低价中标,而应当科学地、全面地分析制定策略。建议实行平均价格区间内低价中标,适当放宽差率控制,既能降低药品价格,也能避免恶性竞争,药品质量和生产供应也得到保障,同时医疗机构也愿意更多地使用,从而真正减轻患者负担,缓解看病贵的难题。     

军医大学后勤“三大建设任务”的思考

本文着重分析后勤转型发展方向,以新形势下的强军目标和军队后勤贯彻落实“三大建设任务”的重要思想为指导,研究对策措施,提出要充分利用深化发展的良机,在把握方向、解决难题、培养人才上下功夫,为建设现代化后勤提供有力支撑。     

对广西县级公立医院实现管办分开体制的思考

总结国内外医院"管办分开"的经验与教训,结合我国个别试点城市公立医院摸索出来的"管办分开"模式,探讨适合广西地区县级公立医院的管理体制和产权制度改革模式,以实现广西县级公立医院的"管办分开"。